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The 50+ biomarker panel
Our clinical team carefully selected these tests to provide a full view of your health. All tests listed are included in the Plus and Optimum plans (50+ tests), while those marked with a blue dot (•) are in the Essential plan (35 tests). Tests labeled "Add-on" can be purchased separately.
Lp(a) is a form of cholesterol particle that is particularly likely to deposit in the walls of arteries and which also increases the likelihood of blood clotting. It is therefore strongly associated with cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes. Unlike the other cholesterol markers, the amount of Lp(a) that your body produces is strongly genetically determined. For this reason, it is recommended that Lp(a) levels are tested at least once in your lifetime.
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the main protein in the types of cholesterol particles that are most associated with cardiovascular risk, such as LDL-C. ApoB constitutes approximately 20-25% of the total weight of LDL-C particles and it is a more reliable measure of the level of these cholesterol types in the blood than more widely used measures which are based on molecular weight. Unsurprisingly, the risk association of ApoB with cardiovascular risk is very similar to the risk associated with raised LDL-C levels.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), commonly known as "bad" cholesterol, plays a key role in transporting cholesterol from the liver to tissues throughout the body. When there is too much LDL-C in the blood, it can deposit in the walls of arteries in a process called atherosclerosis. Over time plaques can form that narrow and harden the arteries which increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular diseases.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or "good" cholesterol, helps protect against cardiovascular diseases by transporting excess cholesterol from the arteries and other parts of the body back to the liver, where it is either recycled, or excreted. Higher levels of HDL-C are associated with a lower risk of plaque buildup in the arteries, reducing the risk of conditions such as heart disease and stroke.
When cholesterol is measured in the lab, the total amount of cholesterol and the amount of HDL-C are sometimes the only direct measurements made. The amount of non-HDL-C (which includes LDL-C and other particles) is then calculated.
Triglycerides are similar to the other cholesterol measures in that they are a way that the body carries fat in the blood. However, they contain a greater proportion of fats that are used as fuel in the liver and include particles called chylomicrons that carry fat from the gut to the liver. The relationship between triglycerides and cardiovascular risk is often inconsistent in epidemiological studies, however, triglycerides are very modifiable with changes in diet and exercise.
Cholesterol is an essential nutrient which is found in many different foods and which is also made by the liver. It has many roles in the body, including aiding in fat digestion and participating in essential metabolic processes, as well as being used to produce hormones such as oestrogen, testosterone, vitamin D, and cortisol. This test measures the total amount of cholesterol in the blood where it is bound to proteins called lipoproteins.
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a substance found in the blood that increases when there is inflammation within your body, referred to as an acute phase reactant. The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) test is more sensitive than the standard CRP test measuring slight increases in CRP levels even when within the normal range. This marker is linked indirectly to cardiac disease risk; however, elevated levels can be caused by various factors, including infections, injuries, or even high intensity exercise.
Uric acid is mainly produced by the liver when it breaks down molecules called purines which are found at high levels in meat and alcohol.
Blood pressure (BP) is the force exerted on the walls of arteries by blood moving around the body. It is determined by the force at which the heart pumps and also the stiffness of the arterial walls. Our blood pressure can vary a lot throughout the day and will increase when we are stressed or exercising as our body tries to bring more blood to our muscles and brain.
*Only available for at-home draws
Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Low levels suggest anemia. Iron status, bone marrow health, and hydration can affect hemoglobin values.
RBC, or Red Blood Cell count, indicates the number of oxygen-carrying cells. Abnormal counts can suggest anemia or hydration issues. Factors influencing RBC include bone marrow function and overall health.
Hematocrit (HCT) shows the portion of blood made of red blood cells. It provides insight into oxygen-carrying capacity. Dehydration, lung health, and bone marrow function can influence HCT values.
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measures the average size of red blood cells. It is key for classifying types of anemia. Bone marrow function and iron status play roles in MCV levels.
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) gauges the average concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells. It is used in anemia diagnosis. Factors affecting MCHC include iron status and bone marrow health.
Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of how much your red blood cells (the oxygen carrying cells in your blood) vary in size. “Width” refers to the distribution of red blood cell sizes when they are plotted on a graph.
RDW can vary for several different reasons and it is a very non-specific test. Some conditions which affect RDW included inherited conditions like thalassemia, nutrient deficiencies, infections, and some blood cancers. On its own, RDW cannot be used to diagnose any condition but it can be useful interpreted with other tests.
WBC, or White Blood Cell count, measures immune cells in the blood. High or low levels can suggest infections or other conditions. Immune function, bone marrow health, and certain diseases can affect WBC values.
Neutrophils are white blood cells crucial for fighting bacterial infections. Abnormal levels can suggest infections, inflammation, or other conditions. Factors include immune responses, certain medications, and bone marrow health.
Lymphocytes play a role in the body's immune response, targeting viruses and cancers. Abnormal counts can indicate viral infections or immune disorders. Immune health, certain diseases, and bone marrow function can influence lymphocyte levels.
Monocytes are white blood cells that become macrophages, essential for fighting infections. Elevated or reduced levels can hint at chronic inflammation or certain diseases. Factors influencing monocyte counts include immune function and overall health.
Eosinophils fight parasites and are involved in allergic reactions. High counts can suggest allergies or parasitic infections. Allergic conditions, certain medications, and immune responses can impact eosinophil levels.
Basophils are involved in allergic responses. Elevated levels are rare but can suggest certain blood disorders. Allergies, immune function, and certain conditions can influence basophil counts.
Platelets are small blood cells vital for clotting. Abnormal counts can suggest bleeding disorders or certain diseases. Bone marrow function, immune health, and certain conditions can influence platelet counts.
Creatinine is a byproduct of muscle metabolism. Elevated levels in the blood can indicate impaired kidney function, as the kidneys are responsible for its filtration and excretion. Factors influencing creatinine include muscle mass, age, and kidney health.
eGFR, or estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, is a measure of kidney function. A low eGFR indicates that the kidneys may not be filtering the blood effectively. It is calculated using age, sex, creatinine levels, and other factors.
Urea is a waste product formed from protein breakdown. Elevated blood urea levels can suggest reduced kidney function, as kidneys play a role in its removal. Dietary protein intake, hydration status, and kidney function can influence urea levels.
The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) test is a diagnostic tool used to assess kidney function and detect signs of kidney damage, particularly related to conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure.
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found in the liver. Elevated ALT levels in the blood can indicate liver damage or inflammation. Factors like alcohol consumption, medications, or certain diseases can impact ALT levels.
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is another enzyme originating from the liver and some other organs. Elevated levels can signal liver injury or other tissue damage. Various factors, including liver health, medications, and alcohol, can influence AST values.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme linked to the liver and the bones. High levels can suggest liver disease or bone disorders. Age, bone growth, and liver health are among the factors affecting ALP.
Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme. An increase in its levels often points to liver disease or bile duct issues. Alcohol consumption and certain medications can also raise GGT levels.
Total bilirubin is derived from the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs). High levels can cause jaundice and suggest liver dysfunction or certain types of anemia. Factors like liver health and rapid RBC breakdown influence bilirubin levels.
Albumin is a significant protein the liver produces. Decreased levels can hint at liver or kidney disorders, or malnutrition. The state of liver function and nutritional status play a role in determining albumin levels.
TSH regulates thyroid function. Abnormal levels can suggest a thyroid that is overactive or underactive. TSH levels are influenced by the pituitary gland's response to thyroid hormone levels.
Magnesium is a mineral vital for muscle, nerve, and enzyme functions. Imbalanced levels can lead to muscle cramps or cardiac issues. Dietary intake, kidney health, and certain medications can affect magnesium levels.
Vitamin B12 is essential for nerve function and DNA formation. Deficiency can result in fatigue and neurological issues. B12 levels are influenced by diet, absorption efficiency, and certain medications.
Ferritin is a protein that stores iron. Low levels typically indicate iron deficiency, while high levels might suggest inflammation or iron overload. Factors like iron intake, inflammation, and certain conditions can impact ferritin values.
Iron is a crucial mineral for producing red blood cells. Imbalances can lead to conditions like anemia or iron overload. Dietary intake, absorption rates, and blood loss influence iron levels.
TIBC measures the blood's capacity to bind iron. Elevated TIBC often indicates iron-deficiency anemia. Factors affecting TIBC include iron status and liver function.
The saturation index indicates the percentage of iron-binding sites occupied by iron. It is crucial for diagnosing iron-related disorders. Iron levels and TIBC values determine the saturation index.
Hemoglobin A1c, or A1c provides a snapshot of average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It is a key indicator of diabetes management and risk. Factors that can influence A1c levels include blood sugar control, diet, and medication adherence.
Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone. A T4 test measures the level of T4 in your blood. Too much or too little T4 can be a sign of thyroid disease.
Fasting plasma glucose measures blood sugar levels after an overnight fast. It is a primary tool for diagnosing diabetes. Elevated levels can indicate the body's inability to regulate sugar effectively. Diet, pancreatic function, and insulin sensitivity play roles in determining these levels.
Fasting insulin levels give insight into how much insulin the body is producing when you have not eaten. Elevated levels can suggest insulin resistance, a precursor to diabetes. Factors that influence fasting insulin include diet, activity level, and overall metabolic health.
*Only available for in-clinic draws
Calcium is vital for bone health and muscle function. Imbalances can suggest bone disorders or issues with the parathyroid gland. Factors include dietary intake, vitamin D levels, and kidney function.
Phosphate is essential for energy production and bone health. Abnormal levels can point to kidney disease or calcium metabolism issues. Dietary intake, kidney health, and parathyroid function influence phosphate levels.
Vitamin D helps in calcium absorption and bone health. Low levels can lead to bone loss or other disorders. Sun exposure, diet, and absorption rates can affect vitamin D levels.
Testosterone is a sex hormone that plays a key role in supporting bone health, density and strength as well as libido and sexual function. Testosterone is primarily produced by the testes in males and, to a lesser extent, by the ovaries in females. 98% of testosterone is found bound to carrier proteins (sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and to a lesser degree albumin). Between 1-3% is free, unbound testosterone. Total testosterone measures the testosterone that is biologically active (bound to albumin, but not SHBG) along with that which is inactive.
Free testosterone refers to the portion of testosterone in the bloodstream that is not bound to proteins, such as sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or albumin. This form of testosterone is considered the active form because it can easily enter cells and exert its biological effects. Free testosterone is a crucial factor in various bodily functions, including libido, muscle mass maintenance, bone density, and mood regulation. While total testosterone levels are essential, free testosterone levels provide a more accurate representation of the hormone's availability for cellular uptake, utilization and better correlates with signs and symptoms.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates reproductive health, the menstrual cycle, and ovulation in females.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) helps promote the growth and development of eggs in females and the control of estrogen. In menopause, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels typically rise as ovarian function declines.
Estradiol is the primary form of estrogen in the body, and it plays a role in the regulation of the female reproductive system. It contributes to the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues, influences the menstrual cycle, and has effects on various organs and tissues, including the breasts and bones.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG) is a hormone used most commonly in detecting pregnancy. As women move into perimenopause and menopause ovulation, and therefore the period of fertility, becomes less predictable. It is important to rule out pregnancy as the cause of missed periods. Other disease states can also produce B-hCG; therefore, elevated levels in menopausal women who are not pregnant require further investigation.
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle. The main function of progesterone is to prepare the endometrium (lining of your uterus) for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.
Consult a healthspan-focused clinician
Our clinicians focus on prevention and how to optimize healthspan - rather than on treating the complaint of the day or managing an acute illness.
Our clinicians routinely assess biomarkers from a preventive as opposed to diagnostic lens, seeking indicators of one's healthspan - rather than testing based only on symptoms.
Our clinicians attempt to provide detailed lifestyle interventions and personalized strategies as prescriptions - rather than general guidelines for you to follow, helping you take action quicker and more strategically than you may otherwise be able to.
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